Centos7下部署MySql5.7.31高可用MHA之故障转移（VIP漂移）
一、背景描述
本篇文章接上文《Centos7下部署MySql5.7.31高可用之MHA》实现了Mysql高可用环境搭建，但是事情还没有结束，当master（192.168.6.101）故障时虽然MHA实现了Master自动切换到192.168.6.102，但是客户端需要修改连接mysql地址。
此篇文章主要解决该问题，解决思路就是使用VIP，Master有一个虚拟IP地址，当Master故障时自动将虚拟IP转移到新Master。
二、修改MHA-Manager节点配置
①、清空master_ip_failover文件并替换为以下内容
[root@server3 scripts]# pwd /scripts [root@server3 scripts]# ls -l total 36 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2083 Jan 12 17:59 master_ip_failover -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3648 Jan 12 17:57 master_ip_failover_backup -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9870 Jan 11 16:24 master_ip_online_change -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11867 Jan 11 16:24 power_manager -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1360 Jan 11 16:24 send_report [root@server3 scripts]# vi master_ip_failover #!/usr/bin/env perl use strict; use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use Getopt::Long; my ( $command,$ssh_user,$orig_master_host,$orig_master_ip,$orig_master_port, $new_master_host,$new_master_ip,$new_master_port ); my $vip = '192.168.6.235'; #这里指定VIP地址 my $key = '0'; my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens160:$key $vip"; #这条指令是启动VIP,ens160为网卡名称 my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens160:$key down"; #这条指令是停止VIPens160为网卡名称 GetOptions( 'command=s' => $command, 'ssh_user=s' => $ssh_user, 'orig_master_host=s' => $orig_master_host, 'orig_master_ip=s' => $orig_master_ip, 'orig_master_port=i' => $orig_master_port, 'new_master_host=s' => $new_master_host, 'new_master_ip=s' => $new_master_ip, 'new_master_port=i' => $new_master_port, ); exit &main(); sub main { print "nnIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===nn"; if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) { my $exit_code = 1; eval { print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host n"; &stop_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn "Got Error: $@n"; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "start" ) { my $exit_code = 10; eval { print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host n"; &start_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn $@; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "status" ) { print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK n"; #`ssh $ssh_user@cluster1 " $ssh_start_vip "`; exit 0; } else { &usage(); exit 1; } } # A simple system call that enable the VIP on the new master sub start_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user@$new_master_host " $ssh_start_vip "`; } # A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master sub stop_vip() { return 0 unless ($ssh_user); `ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_host " $ssh_stop_vip "`; } sub usage { print "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status -- orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port -- new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=portn"; } ②、修改manager配置文件
[root@server3 scripts]# cat /etc/masterha/app1.cnf [server default] manager_workdir=/masterha/app1 manager_log=/masterha/app1/manager.log user=manager password=123456 ssh_user=root repl_user=testrepl repl_password=123456 ping_interval=1 master_ip_failover_script=/scripts/master_ip_failover #添加这条故障转移配置 [server1] hostname=192.168.6.101 port=3301 master_binlog_dir=/data/log/binlog/ candidate_master=1 [server2] hostname=192.168.6.102 port=3301 master_binlog_dir=/data/log/binlog/ candidate_master=1 [server3] hostname=192.168.6.103 port=3301 master_binlog_dir=/data/log/binlog/ no_master=1 三、测试VIP漂移
①、主库Master配置VIP地址
[root@server1 mysql]# ip addr add 192.168.6.235/24 dev ens160 [root@server1 mysql]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:0f:45:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.6.101/24 brd 192.168.6.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens160 valid_lft 68410sec preferred_lft 68410sec inet 192.168.6.235/24 scope global secondary ens160 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::ddbd:36be:b510:ef06/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever ②、测试shutdown Master主数据库
关闭后查看原备库IP地址
[root@server2 ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:34:7c:2a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.6.102/24 brd 192.168.6.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens160 valid_lft 70609sec preferred_lft 70609sec inet 192.168.6.235/24 brd 192.168.6.255 scope global secondary ens160:0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::b64c:812c:68f0:6591/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 从上图可知VIP已漂移到server2服务器！
③、查看MHA Manager日志
Wed Jan 13 10:41:56 2021 - [warning] Got error on MySQL select ping: 2006 (MySQL server has gone away) Wed Jan 13 10:41:56 2021 - [info] Executing SSH check script: exit 0 Wed Jan 13 10:41:58 2021 - [warning] Got error on MySQL connect: 2003 (Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.6.101' (4)) Wed Jan 13 10:41:58 2021 - [warning] Connection failed 2 time(s).. Wed Jan 13 10:41:59 2021 - [warning] Got error on MySQL connect: 2003 (Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.6.101' (4)) Wed Jan 13 10:41:59 2021 - [warning] Connection failed 3 time(s).. Wed Jan 13 10:42:00 2021 - [warning] Got error on MySQL connect: 2003 (Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.6.101' (4)) Wed Jan 13 10:42:00 2021 - [warning] Connection failed 4 time(s).. Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [warning] HealthCheck: Got timeout on checking SSH connection to 192.168.6.101! at /usr/local/share/perl5/MHA/HealthCheck.pm line 343. Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [warning] Master is not reachable from health checker! Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [warning] Master 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) is not reachable! Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [warning] SSH is NOT reachable. Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [info] Connecting to a master server failed. Reading configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf and /etc/masterha/app1.cnf again, and trying to connect to all servers to check server status.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping. Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/masterha/app1.cnf.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:01 2021 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/masterha/app1.cnf.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] GTID failover mode = 1 Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Dead Servers: Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Alive Servers: Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Alive Slaves: Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Primary candidate for the new Master (candidate_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Not candidate for the new Master (no_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Checking slave configurations.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] read_only=1 is not set on slave 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301). Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] read_only=1 is not set on slave 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301). Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Checking replication filtering settings.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Replication filtering check ok. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Master is down! Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Terminating monitoring script. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Got exit code 20 (Master dead). Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] MHA::MasterFailover version 0.58. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Starting master failover. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] * Phase 1: Configuration Check Phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:02 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:03 2021 - [info] GTID failover mode = 1 Wed Jan 13 10:42:03 2021 - [info] Dead Servers: Wed Jan 13 10:42:03 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:03 2021 - [info] Checking master reachability via MySQL(double check)... Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] ok. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Alive Servers: Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Alive Slaves: Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Primary candidate for the new Master (candidate_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Not candidate for the new Master (no_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Starting GTID based failover. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] ** Phase 1: Configuration Check Phase completed. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 2: Dead Master Shutdown Phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Forcing shutdown so that applications never connect to the current master.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Executing master IP deactivation script: Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] /scripts/master_ip_failover --orig_master_host=192.168.6.101 --orig_master_ip=192.168.6.101 --orig_master_port=3301 --command=stop IN SCRIPT TEST====/sbin/ifconfig ens160:0 down==/sbin/ifconfig ens160:0 192.168.6.235=== Disabling the VIP on old master: 192.168.6.101 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] done. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [warning] shutdown_script is not set. Skipping explicit shutting down of the dead master. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 2: Dead Master Shutdown Phase completed. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 3: Master Recovery Phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 3.1: Getting Latest Slaves Phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] The latest binary log file/position on all slaves is binlog.000008:194 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Retrieved Gtid Set: 267b27d0-48b5-11eb-92ec-000c290f457f:1-23 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Latest slaves (Slaves that received relay log files to the latest): Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Primary candidate for the new Master (candidate_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Not candidate for the new Master (no_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] The oldest binary log file/position on all slaves is binlog.000008:194 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Retrieved Gtid Set: 267b27d0-48b5-11eb-92ec-000c290f457f:1-23 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Oldest slaves: Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Primary candidate for the new Master (candidate_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Not candidate for the new Master (no_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 3.3: Determining New Master Phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Searching new master from slaves.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Candidate masters from the configuration file: Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Primary candidate for the new Master (candidate_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Non-candidate masters: Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Version=5.7.31-log (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] GTID ON Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Not candidate for the new Master (no_master is set) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Searching from candidate_master slaves which have received the latest relay log events.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] New master is 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Starting master failover.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] From: 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) (current master) +--192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) +--192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) To: 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) (new master) +--192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 3.3: New Master Recovery Phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Waiting all logs to be applied.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] done. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Getting new master's binlog name and position.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] binlog.000001:2476 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] All other slaves should start replication from here. Statement should be: CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.6.102', MASTER_PORT=3301, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='testrepl', MASTER_PASSWORD='xxx'; Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Master Recovery succeeded. File:Pos:Exec_Gtid_Set: binlog.000001, 2476, 267b27d0-48b5-11eb-92ec-000c290f457f:22-23, d8a3e74e-48db-11eb-b05f-000c29347c2a:1-11 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Executing master IP activate script: Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] /scripts/master_ip_failover --command=start --ssh_user=root --orig_master_host=192.168.6.101 --orig_master_ip=192.168.6.101 --orig_master_port=3301 --new_master_host=192.168.6.102 --new_master_ip=192.168.6.102 --new_master_port=3301 --new_master_user='manager' --new_master_password=xxx Unknown option: new_master_user Unknown option: new_master_password IN SCRIPT TEST====/sbin/ifconfig ens160:0 down==/sbin/ifconfig ens160:0 192.168.6.235=== Enabling the VIP - 192.168.6.235 on the new master - 192.168.6.102 Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] OK. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] ** Finished master recovery successfully. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 3: Master Recovery Phase completed. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 4: Slaves Recovery Phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] * Phase 4.1: Starting Slaves in parallel.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] -- Slave recovery on host 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) started, pid: 3205. Check tmp log /masterha/app1/192.168.6.103_3301_20210113104202.log if it takes time.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] Log messages from 192.168.6.103 ... Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Resetting slave 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) and starting replication from the new master 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301).. Wed Jan 13 10:42:04 2021 - [info] Executed CHANGE MASTER. Wed Jan 13 10:42:05 2021 - [info] Slave started. Wed Jan 13 10:42:05 2021 - [info] gtid_wait(267b27d0-48b5-11eb-92ec-000c290f457f:22-23, d8a3e74e-48db-11eb-b05f-000c29347c2a:1-11) completed on 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301). Executed 0 events. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] End of log messages from 192.168.6.103. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] -- Slave on host 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301) started. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] All new slave servers recovered successfully. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] * Phase 5: New master cleanup phase.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] Resetting slave info on the new master.. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] 192.168.6.102: Resetting slave info succeeded. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] Master failover to 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) completed successfully. Wed Jan 13 10:42:06 2021 - [info] ----- Failover Report ----- app1: MySQL Master failover 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) to 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) succeeded Master 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) is down! Check MHA Manager logs at server3:/masterha/app1/manager.log for details. Started automated(non-interactive) failover. Invalidated master IP address on 192.168.6.101(192.168.6.101:3301) Selected 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) as a new master. 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301): OK: Applying all logs succeeded. 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301): OK: Activated master IP address. 192.168.6.103(192.168.6.103:3301): OK: Slave started, replicating from 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301): Resetting slave info succeeded. Master failover to 192.168.6.102(192.168.6.102:3301) completed successfully. ④、手动切换VIP（未测试）
[root@server4 bin]# masterha_master_switch --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --master_state=alive --new_master_host=192.168.6.102 --new_master_port=3301 --orig_master_is_new_slave --running_updates_limit=10000 可以看到切换vip *************************************************************** Disabling the VIP - 192.168.6.235/24 on old master: 192.168.6.101 *************************************************************** *************************************************************** Enabling the VIP - 192.168.6.235/24 on new master: 192.168.6.102 参考：https://blog.51cto.com/14154700/2473272
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/asufeiya/article/details/102865808
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