前言:
安装过程不再赘述,直接说问题,mysql的远程连接需要解决两个问题:1.允许root用户远程连接。2.允许任意ip远程连接数据库。当然,在测试和解决问题之前,得首先保证你的数据库与远程主机之间的网络通信没有问题,简单的来说,就是互相ping通,其次,为了避免防火墙的干扰,将本地主机和数据库主机的防火墙都关闭,当然,生产环境下防火墙肯定是要打开的,并且需要额外的安全配置。
问题解决:
1.新安装的数据库默认是需要初始化的,在数据库服务启动的情况下,使用下面的命令来进行初始化。
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation new password: re-enter new password: password updated successfully! reloading privilege tables.. ... success! by default, a mariadb installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into mariadb without having to have a user account created for them. this is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. you should remove them before moving into a production environment. remove anonymous users? [y/n] ... success! normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. this ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. disallow root login remotely? [y/n] n #如果是为root用户配置远程登陆,这里需要选择n,不选择禁止root用户远程登陆,别的选择都无关紧要。 ... skipping. by default, mariadb comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. this is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. remove test database and access to it? [y/n] - dropping test database... ... success! - removing privileges on test database... ... success! reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. reload privilege tables now? [y/n] ... success! cleaning up... all done! if you've completed all of the above steps, your mariadb installation should now be secure. thanks for using mariadb![root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mariadb #完成初始化之后,重启服务。
2.允许root用户远程连接与允许任意ip远程连接数据库都是可以通过在数据库里执行一条命令来实现的。
这里分为两种情况:
1)新建admin用户远程连接mysql数据库(新建任意用户,以admin为例)
grant all on *.* to admin@’%’ identified by ‘123456’ with grant option;
flush privileges;
允许任何ip地址(%表示允许任何ip地址)的电脑用admin帐户和密码(123456)来访问这个mysql server。
注意admin账户不一定要存在。
2)支持root用户允许远程连接mysql数据库
grant all privileges on *.* to ‘root’@’%’ identified by ‘123456’ with grant option;
flush privileges;
需要注意的是,为root用户配置远程登陆,密码需要和之前配置的密码一致。
3.ubuntu系统的额外配置。
ubuntu系统的my.cnf文件在vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf中,注释掉其中的
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
centos系统的配置文件中默认没有该行。
检查的办法也很简单,在数据库启动的前提下,使用netstat -an | grep 3306查看端口的连接信息。0.0.0.0则表示允许任意ip连接。
如图所示则为允许任意ip连接。
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